Please refer to Assignments Class 10 Social Science Manufacturing Industries Chapter 6 with solved questions and answers. We have provided Class 10 Social Science Assignments for all chapters on our website. These problems and solutions for Chapter 6 Manufacturing Industries Class 10 Social Science have been prepared as per the latest syllabus and books issued for the current academic year. Learn these solved important questions to get more marks in your class tests and examinations.
Manufacturing Industries Assignments Class 10 Social Science
ONE MARK QUESTIONS
Question. What is manufacturing?
Ans. Production of more valuable goods in large quantities after processing the raw material is called manufacturing.
Question. What is Basic Industry?
Ans. Basic Industries are those industries which supply their products or raw materials to manufacture other goods, e.g. Iron and steel Industry, copper smelting etc.
Question. What are the importance of manufacturing industry?
Ans.
Question. Fill in the blank:
…………………. is developed as electronic capital of India.
Ans. Bengaluru
Question. Write true or False for the following statement-
The First successful cotton textile mill was established in Mumbai in 1854.
Ans. True
Question. Rewrite the statement after correcting the underlined word-
China is the largest producer of jute.
Ans. India
Question. Assertion (A): In recent years there is a tendency for the mills to shift and concentrate in the southern and western states especially in Maharashtra
Reasoning (R): Sucrose content in the sugar cane is higher.
Option:
(a) Both A and R are correct and R is the correct explanation of A
(b) Both A and R are correct but R is the not the correct explanation of A
(c) A is correct but R is incorrect
(d) R is correct but A is incorrect.
Ans. (a) Both A and R are correct and R is the correct explanation of A
THREE MARKS QUESTIONS
Question. Distinguish between an integrated steel plant and a mini steel plants stating three points of distinction.
Ans : a. An integrated steel plant is larger than a mini steel plant.
b. Mini steel plant use steel scrap and sponge iron while Integrated steel plant use basic raw materials i.e. iron ore for making steel.
c. Mini steel plant produces mild and alloy steel while integrated steel plant produces only steel.
Question. “Environmental degradation has been seen everywhere.” Explain any three values that can help to prevent environment degradation.
Ans : Steps to minimise environmental degradation:
a. Optimum utilisation of equipments, adopting latest techniques.
b. Upgrading existing equipments.
c. Minimising waste generation by maximising ash utilization.
d. Providing green belts for nurturing ecological balance.
e. Reducing environmental pollution through ash pond management, water recycling system and liquid waste management.
Question. “Agriculture gives boost to the industrial sector.” Support the statement with arguments.
Ans : Agriculture gives boost to the industrial sector:
a. Agriculture provides raw material to industries.
b. Agriculture provides market for industrial products.
c. Agriculture helps boost new industrial products. d. The industries such as cotton, jute, silk, woollen textiles, sugar and edible oil, etc., are based on agricultural raw materials.
Question. Describe any three major problems faced by the weaving and processing sectors in cotton textile industry.
or
Describe any three major problems faced by cotton textile industry in India.
Ans : Problems of cotton textile industry are:
a. Although production has increased, it is still not enough and imports are needed.
b. Erratic power supply and outdated machinery.
c. Low output of labour.
d. Stiff competition from synthetic fabrics.
Question. Describe any five factors responsible for the concentration of iron and steel industry in and around Chota Nagpur Plateau region.
Ans : Factors responsible for concentration df iron and steel industries in Chhota Nagpur Plateau:
a. Low cost of iron-ore
b. High grade raw material in proximity,
c. Cheap labour.
d. Vast growth potential in the home market.
e. Good transport connectivity.
f. Availability of water resources.
Question. “The iron and steel industry is the basic as well as heavy industry.” Support the statement with three points.
or
Why is iron and steel industry called a basic industry? Explain.
Ans : Iron and steel industry is the basic industry as:
a. All the other industries depend on it for their machinery.
b. Steel is needed to manufacture a variety of engineering goods.
c. It provides variety of consumer goods.
d. Construction material, defence, medical, telephonic, scientific equipments, are the gift of iron and steel industry.
Question. Examine what are the causes of industrial pollution of freshwater resources.
Ans : Freshwater sources are polluted by organic and inorganic wastes and effluents discharged by industries into rivers. The main culprits are paper and pulp, chemical, textile, petroleum refineries, tanneries industries etc.
Question. Suggest any three measures to reduce the industrial pollution of freshwater resources.
Ans : a. Minimising use of water for processing by reusing and recycling it in two or more successive stages.
b. Harvesting of rainwater to meet water requirements.
c. Treatment of hotwater and effluents before releasing them in rivers and ponds.
Question. What is the importance of the Information Technology sector for the Indian economy? Explain.
Ans : The importance of IT sector is as follows:
a. It has provided employment to over one million people.
b. This industry is said to be a major foreign exchange earner.
c. It has helped in the growth of the service sector. d. It provides employment to innumerable men and women.
Question. What are the three main reasons for shifting of the sugar mills to Maharashtra in recent years.
Ans : There are three main reasons which are as follows:
a. The cane produced has a higher sucrose content.
b. The cooler climate which ensures a longer crushing season.
c. The cooperatives are more successful in this state.
Question. Mention any two factors that have contributed to a healthy growth of the automobile industry in India. Name two centres where this industry is located.
Ans : a. The introduction of new and contemporary models stimulated the demand for vehicles in the market.
b. Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) brought in new technology and aligned the industry, with global developments. The two centres of automobile industry are Jamshedpur and Gurgaon.
Question. Mention the various measures taken by the government to boost the production of jute goods.
Ans : Various steps taken by the government to boost the production of Jute are:
a. In 2005, National Jute Policy was formulated with the objective of increasing productivity.
b. Improvement of quality.
c. Ensuring good prices to the jute farmers and enhancing the yield per hectare.
Question. Explain the factors responsible for localisation of jute textile mills mainly on the banks of the river Hugh.
Ans : Factors responsible for their location in the Hugli basin are as follows:
a. Proximity of the jute producing areas,
b. Inexpensive water transport, supported by a good network of railways, roadways and waterways to facilitate movement of raw material to the mills,
c. Abundant water for processing raw jute,
d. Cheap labour from West Bengal and adjoining states of Bihar, Odisha and Uttar Pradesh.
e. Kolkata as a large urban centre provides banking, insurance and port facilities for export of jute goods.
Question. Why was the cotton textile industry concentrated in the cotton growing belt in the early years? Explain.
Ans : Cotton textile industry was concentrated in the cotton growing belt in the early years because:
a. Availability of raw cotton e.g. belt of Maharashtra and Gujarat.
b. Nearness to market.
c. Transport
d. Port facilities
e. Cheap labour
f. Moist climate.
Question. What challenges are faced by the jute textile industries in India? Mention the main objectives of National Jute Policy, 2005.
Ans : Problems faced by jute mills:
a. Stiff competition in international market from countries like Bangladesh, Brazil, Philippines, Egypt, etc.
b. Stiff competition from synthetic fibre
c. Products need to be diversified.
In 2005, National Jute Policy was formulated with the objective of increasing productivity, improving quality, ensuring good prices and enhancing the yield per hectare.
Question. Why manufacturing industries are called the backbone of the economic development of India?
Ans. (a) Provides goods for day to day life.
(b) Provides employment to other sectors
(c) Helps in the modernization of agriculture
(d) Helps in the eradication of unemployment and poverty.
(e) Income through foreign exchange.
(f) Increase in national income
Question. Write three physical factors of the location of industry.
Ans.
Question. Iron and Steel industry has not grown in full potential in India. Examine the causes of it.
Ans. Reasons for Iron and Steel industry not growing in full potential in India-
(a) High costs and limited availability of coking coal,
(b) Lower productivity of labours,
(c) Irregular supply of energy,
(d) Poor infrastructure
Question. What are the challenges faced by the cotton textile industry?
Ans. (a) Old and conventional technique
(b) Low production of high quality cotton
(c) Absence of new machinery
(d) Stiff competition from artificial thread
(e) Interrupted power supply
Question. What are the different steps taken by the industries for reducing environmental pollution.
Ans. • Use of three R’s (Reduce, Reuse, Recycle)
• Rainwater harvesting
• Treatment of Industrial waste
• Use of renewable sources of energy
• Development of new techniques which is durable and cause less pollution.
FIVE MARKS QUESTIONS
Question. Describe the importance of manufacturing.
or
Describe the importance of manufacturing sector in countries like India.
Ans : The economic strength of a country lies in the development of manufacturing industries because:
a. Manufacturing industries help in modernising agriculture which forms the backbone of our economy.
b. It reduces the heavy dependence of people on agriculture sector and creates jobs in secondary and tertiary sectors.
c. It is necessary for the removal of unemployment and poverty.
d. It brings down regional disparities.
e. Export of manufactured goods expands trade and commerce and enhances prosperity.
f. It brings much needed foreign exchange
Question. Explain any five factors affecting the location of a industry.
Ans : The factors affecting the location of an industry:
a. Availability of raw material. b. Availability of cheap labour.
c. Availability of capital and bank facilities,
d. Availability of power and other infrastructure.
e. Proximity to markets.
f. Availability of adequate and swift means of transport.
Question. Distinguish between large scale and small scale industries. Give two examples each,
Ans : Large Scale Industries:
a. Manufacture large quantities of finished goods.
b. The quantity of raw material and capital investment is large.
c. Example: Iron and steel industry, cotton textile industry.
Small Scale Industries:
a. Manufacture small goods.
b. No huge quantity of raw material or capital is required.
c. Example: Garment industry, soap making industry.
Question. Why is India not able to perform to her full potential in iron and steel production? Explain any three reasons.
Ans : India is an important producer of iron and steel but still it has failed to perform to its potential due to following reasons:
a. Shortage of raw material
b. Lower productivity of labour
c. Shortage of power
d. Poor infrastructure
e. Lower investment in research and
f. Development
Question. How does industry pollute the environment? Explain with three examples. “
Ans : Industries are responsible for three types of pollution i.e.
a. Air pollution is caused by the presence of high proportion of undesirable gases, such as sulphur dioxide and carbon monoxide. Smoke is emitted by chemical and paper factories, brick kilns, refineries and smelting plants, and burning of fossil fuels in big and small factories.
b. Water pollution is caused by organic and inorganic industrial wastes and effluents discharged into rivers. The main culprits in this regard are paper, pulp, chemical, textile and dyeing, petroleum refineries and electroplating industries that let out dyes, detergents, acids, salts and heavy metals like lead and mercury, pesticides, fertilisers, synthetic chemicals with carbon, plastics and rubber, etc., into the water bodies.
c. Noise pollution is due to industrial and construction activities. Machinery, factory equipment, generators, saws and pneumatic and electric drills cause hearing problems and irritation.
Question. Explain any five measures to control industrial pollution in India.
Ans : Five ways to reduce industrial pollution are listed below:
a. Restructuring the manufacturing processes to reduce or eliminate pollutants, through a process called pollution prevention.
b. Creating cooling ponds, which are man¬made and are designed to cool the heated waters from industries by evaporation, condensation and radiation.
c. Filtration of sewage in water treatment plants attached to industries.
d. Instructing industries to be set-up far from residential areas.
e. Backing the constitutional provisions by a number of laws-acts, rules, and notifications.
Question. How do industries pollute water? Suggest any two measures to control water pollution.
Ans : Most important are the industrial effluents that are discharged into rivers. They are both organic and inorganic. Coal, dyes, pesticides, fertilisers, plastic are some common pollutants of water. Industrial wastes containing toxic metals pollute the water.
Suggestions to control water pollution:
a. Water should be reused and recycled to maximise its usage.
b. Rainwater should be harvested to meet water requirements.
c. Hot water and effluents should be treated before releasing in river and ponds.
d. Overdrawing of groundwater reserves by industry where there is a threat to ground water resources also need to be regulated legally.
Question. What is manufacturing sector? Describe four types of manufacturing sector on the basis of ownership.
Ans : Production of goods in large quantities after processing from raw materials to more valuable products is called manufacturing.
Four types of manufacturing sector on the basis of ownership are:
a. Public sector owned by Govt, agencies. For example, BHEL, SAIL, etc,
b. Private sector owned by individuals or a group of individuals. For example, TISCO, Bajaj Auto Ltd, Dabur Industries, etc.
c. Joint sector jointly owned by the state and individuals. For example, Oil India Ltd, etc.
d. Cooperative sector is owned by and operated by the producers or suppliers of raw materials, workers or both. For example Amul, Mother Dairy, OMFED, sugar industry and coir industry, etc.
Question. “Agriculture and industry are complementary to each other.” Explain with four examples.
Ans : a. Agro industries in India have given a major boost to agriculture by raising its productivity.
b. Industries depend on agriculture for their raw materials.
c. Industries sell their products such as irrigation pumps, fertilisers, etc., to the farmers.
d. Industries have made the production processes of agriculture very efficient.
Question. Classify the industries on the basis of ownership and give one example of each category.
Ans :
Question. What is the manufacturing sector? Why is it considered the backbone of development? Interpret the reason.
Ans : Definition of Manufacturing Sector: Production of goods in large quantities after processing from raw materials to more valuable products is called manufacturing.
It is considered as backbone of development because:
a. It not only helps in modernising agriculture but also forms the backbone of our economy.
b. Industrial development is a precondition for eradication of unemployment and poverty from our country.
c. Export of manufactured goods expands trade and commerce.
d. Countries that transform their raw materials into a wide variety of finished goods of higher value are prosperous.
