The Rise of Nationalism in Europe Class 10 Social Science Important Questions

Please refer to The Rise of Nationalism in Europe Class 10 Social Science Important Questions with solutions provided below. These questions and answers have been provided for Class 10 Social Science based on the latest syllabus and examination guidelines issued by CBSE, NCERT, and KVS. Students should learn these problem solutions as it will help them to gain more marks in examinations. We have provided Important Questions for Class 10 Social Science for all chapters in your book. These Board exam questions have been designed by expert teachers of Standard 10.

Class 10 Social Science Important Questions The Rise of Nationalism in Europe

Objective Type Questions

Question. Young Italy, a secret society was formed by
(a) Metternich
(b) Mazzini
(c) Bismarck
(d) Wilhelm Wolff

Question. Germania became the allegory of
(a) France
(b) Germany
(c) Italy
(d) All of these

Question. Identify the correct statement about the liberal nationalists of Europe from the options given below.
(a) They emphasized the concept of government by the consent of the people.
(b) They criticized the glorification of science.
(c) They created a sense of collective heritage.
(d) They did not stand for the freedom of markets.

Question. Identify the correct statement with regard to Johann Gottfried Herder is correct.
(a) He was a French philosopher.
(b) He was a German philosopher.
(c) He was an Italian philosopher.
(d) He was an Indian philosopher.

Question. Which of the following is true regarding Frederic Sorrieu? He was a/an
(a) German artist
(b) French artist
(c) Swedish artist
(d) Italian artist

Question. What is the meaning of the Latin word liber?
(a) Free
(b) Freedom
(c) Liberty
(d) Liberal

Question. In Sorrieu’s utopian vision, the peoples of the world are identified through which among the following?
(a) Flags
(b) National costume
(c) Both flags and national costume
(d) None of these

Question. Large landowners of Prussia were called
(a) Junkers
(b) Artisans
(c) Freedom fighters
(d) Philosophers

Question. Leading the procession, way past the Statue of Liberty, the peoples of Germany were bearing which of the following colour flags?
(a) Black
(b) Red
(c) Gold
(d) Black, red and gold

Question. In 1789 France was under the rule of
(a) federal government
(b) an absolute monarch
(c) socialist
(d) capitalist

Question. Which of the following countries was not divided into kingdoms, duchies and cantons?
(a) Germany
(b) Italy
(c) France
(d) Switzerland

Question. The artists at the time of French Revolution personified liberty as a
(a) Male figure
(b) Female figure
(c) Both male and female figures
(d) None of these

Question. Which treaty recognised Greece as an independent nations?
(a) Treaty of Constantinople
(b) Treaty of Vienna
(c) Treaty of Versailles
(d) Treaty of Paris

Question. Which of the following artists prepared a series of four prints visualising his dream of a world?
(a) Auguste Rodin
(b) Frederic Sorrieu
(c) Edgar Degas
(d) Berth Morisot

Question. Marianne represented the Republic of
(a) England
(b) Britain
(c) US
(d) France

Question. What does Romanticism refer to?
(a) Literary movement
(b) Political movement
(c) Cultural movement
(d) Religious movement

Question. Identify the correct statement with regard to ‘The Act of Union-1707’ from the following options.
(a) The British monarchy surrendered the power to English Parliament.
(b) The British Parliament seized power from Ireland.
(c) The formation of the ‘United Kingdom of Great Britain’.
(d) The British nation was formed as a result of a war with Scotland and Wales.

Question. On what basis did the Balkans claim for freedom?
(a) Nationality
(b) Social rights
(c) Political rights
(d) None of these

Question. What was the main theme of the paintings of Frederic Sorrieu?
(a) Democracy
(b) Liberalism
(c) Socialism
(d) Capitalism

Question. The first clear expression of nationalism came with the French Revolution in the year of
(a) 1789
(b) 1879
(c) 1798
(d) 1778

Question. The attribute of liberty was
(a) red cap
(b) broken chain
(c) blindfolded woman
(d) both (a) and (b)

Question. An important part of the Bankans was under the control of
(a) Italy
(b) Germany
(c) Ottoman Empire
(d) US

Question. In which of the following years, the Prussian king, Kaiser William I, was proclaimed German Emperor in a ceremony held at Versailles?
(a) January 1671
(b) January 1771
(c) January 1871
(d) January 1971

Question. Which of the following was not a condition of Italy before unification?
(a) Political fragmentation.
(b) Italy was dominated by UK in 1801.
(c) Italy was divided into seven states.
(d) Italians were scattered over several dynastic states.

Question. Which of the following treaties recognized Greece as an independent nation?
(a) Treaty of Sevres
(b) Treaty of Versailles
(c) Treaty of Lausanne
(d) Treaty of Constantinople

Question. By whom was/were the various states of Italy ruled?
(a) The North was under Austrian Habsburgs.
(b) The centre was ruled by Pope.
(c) The southern regimes were under the Bourbon Kings of Spain.
(d) All of the above

Question. Which among the following figure became an allegory of the nation?
(a) Female
(b) Male
(c) Both
(d) None of these

Question. Which of the following was the only state of Italy that was ruled by an Italian princely house?
(a) Sardinia-Piedmont
(b) Romania
(c) Bulgaria
(d) Hungary

Question. Which of the following was the female allegory which represented the peoples nations in France?
(a) Marianne
(b) Bharat Mata
(c) Germania
(d) None of these

Question. Who was proclaimed the King of United Italy in 1861?
(a) Giuseppe Garibaldi
(b) Victor Emmanuel II
(c) Giuseppe Mazzini
(d) Macedonia

Question. What was the significance of ‘Broken Chains’?
(a) Readiness to fight
(b) Willingness to make peace
(c) Heroism
(d) Being freed

Question. After 1871 the most serious source of nationalist tension in Europe was the area called
(a) Germany
(b) Balkans
(c) Italy
(d) Ottoman Empire

Question. What does the German oak stand for?
(a) Patriotism
(b) Liberalism
(c) Heroism
(d) Socialism

Question. Balkans comprised countries such as
(a) Greece, Albania, Bulgaria, Slovenia
(b) Romania, Greece, Macedonia, Montenegro
(c) Croatia, Bosnia-Herzegovina, Serbia
(d) All of the above

Question. Which of the following powers was not interested to increase their own control over the Balkans?
(a) Switzerland
(b) England
(c) Russia
(d) Germany

Question. Which of the following was not a quality of Napoleon’s Civil Code?
(a) Right by birth
(b) Right of property
(c) Right to vote for all
(d) Equality before law

Question. The first upheaval took place in France in July in which of the following years?
(a) 1820
(b) 1830
(c) 1840
(d) 1850

Question. Assertion (A): The most serious source of nationalist tension in Europe after 1871 was the area called the Balkans.
Reason (R): The rebellious nationalities in the Balkans thought of their struggles as attempts to win back their long-lost independence.
Options:
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
(c) A is true but R is false.
(d) A is false but R is true.

Question. Assertion (A): Culture played an important role in creating the idea of the nation.
Reason (R): Collecting and recording these forms of folk culture was essential to the project of nation-building.
Options:
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
(c) A is true but R is false.
(d) A is false but R is true.

Question. Assertion (A): The Balkan area became an area of intense conflict.
Reason (R): The Balkan states were fiercely jealous of each other and each hoped to gain more territory at the expense of the others.
Options:
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
(c) A is true but R is false.
(d) A is false but R is true.

Question. Following image is represented as a postman here who had incorporated revolutionary principles by introducing the Civil Code of 1804. Identify its name from among the following options.

(a) Giuseppe Mazzini
(b) Cavour
(c) Napoleon Bonaparte
(d) Frederic Sorrieu

Question. Arrange the correct sequence of Column I against the Column II

Choose the correct answer.
(a) II-4, IV-3, III-1, I-2
(b) III-4, I-2, IV-3, II-1
(c) I-4, III-1, II-3, IV-2
(d) IV-1, II-4, I-3, III-1

Question. Following image is the personification of Germany generally associated with the Romantic Era and the Revolutions of 1848. Identify its aspect from among the following options.

(a) Folk and Cultural Tradition
(b) Heroism and Justice
(c) Austerity and Asceticism
(d) Revenge and Vengeance

Case/Source Based Questions

1. Read the source given below and answer the questions by choosing the most appropriate option.

Following the defeat of Napoleon in 1815, European governments were driven by a spirit of conservatism. Conservatives believed that established, traditional institutions of state and society – like the monarchy, the Church, social hierarchies, property and the family – should be preserved. Most conservatives, however, did not propose a return to the society of pre-revolutionary days. Rather, they realised, from the changes initiated by Napoleon, that modernisation could in fact strengthen traditional institutions like the monarchy. It could make state power more effective and stronger. A modern army, an efficient bureaucracy, a dynamic economy, the abolition of feudalism and serfdom could strengthen the autocratic monarchies of Europe. In 1815, representatives of the European powers who had collectively defeated Napoleon, met at Vienna to draw up a settlement for Europe. The Congress was hosted by the Austrian Chancellor Duke Metternich. The delegates drew up the Treaty of Vienna of 1815 with the object of undoing most of the changes that had come about in Europe during the Napoleonic wars. The Bourbon dynasty, which had been deposed during the French Revolution, was restored to power, and France lost the territories it had annexed under Napoleon. A series of states were set up on the boundaries of France to prevent French expansion in future.

Question. Which of the following statements correctly describes about European conservative ideology?
(a) Preservation of believes introduced by Napoleon
(b) Preservation of two sects of Christianity
(c) Preservation of socialist ideology in economic sphere
(d) Preservation of traditionalist beliefs in state and society

Question. Identify the purpose to convene the Vienna of Congress in 1815 from the following options.
(a) To declare competition of German unification
(b) To restore conservative regime in Europe
(c) To declare war against France
(d) To start the process of Italian unification

Question. Fill in the blank from the given options.
Conservatives believed that established traditional institutions of state and society should be preserved. They focused on ………………… at the Congress of Vienna.
(a) to re-establish peace and stability in Europe
(b) to establish socialism in Europe
(c) to introduce democracy in France
(d) to set up a new Parliament in Austria

Question. How did the Congress of Vienna ensure peace in Europe? Select the appropriate option.
(a) With the restoration of Bourbon Dynasty
(b) Austria was not given the control of Northern Italy
(c) Laying out a balance of power between all the great powers in Europe
(d) By giving power to the German confederation

Question. Which of the following is not a result of the Treaty of Vienna, 1815?
(a) Austria was given control of Northern Italy.
(b) Russia was given German confederation of 39 states.
(c) The Kingdom of Netherlands was established in the North.
(d) Prussia was given important new territories on its western frontiers.

Question. Two statements are given in the question below as Assertion (A) and Reasoning (R). Read the statements and choose the appropriate option.
Assertion (A): In 1815s the fear of repression drove many liberal-nationalists underground.
Reason (R): Most of these revolutionaries saw the creation of nation-states as a necessary part of this struggle for freedom.
Options:
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
(c) A is true but R is false.
(d) A is false but R is true.

2. Read the source given below and answer the questions by choosing the most appropriate option.

Ernst Renan, ‘What is a Nation?’
In a lecture delivered at the University of Sorbonne in 1882, the French philosopher Ernst Renan (1823-92) outlined his understanding of what makes a nation. The lecture was subsequently published as a famous essay entitled ‘Qu’est-ce qu’une nation?’ (‘What is a Nation?’). In this essay Renan criticises the notion suggested by others that a nation is formed by a common language, race, religion, or territory:
‘A nation is the culmination of a long past of endeavours, sacrifice and devotion. A heroic past, great men, glory, that is the social capital upon which one bases a national idea. To have common glories in the past, to have a common will in the present, to have performed great deeds together, to wish to perform still more, these are the essential conditions of being a people. A nation is therefore a large-scale solidarity … Its existence is a daily plebiscite … A province is its inhabitants; if anyone has the right to be consulted, it is the inhabitant. A nation never has any real interest in annexing or holding on to a country against its will. The existence of nations is a good thing, a necessity even. Their existence is a guarantee of liberty, which would be lost if the world had only one law and only one master.

Question. Who was Ernst Renan?
(a) He was a Russian philosopher.
(b) He was an American philosopher.
(c) He was a French philosopher.
(d) He was a German philosopher.

Question. When was Ernst Renan born?
(a) 2 October 1892
(b) 27 February 1923
(c) 27 February 1892
(d) 15 March 1882

Question. Fill in the blank from the given options.
Ernst Renan believed that racial features were instinctual and deterministic. He gave the idea of …………………. .
(a) a revolution
(b) unification of a country
(c) ‘what is a Nation’
(d) ‘what is a Common Man’

Question. How are Nations formed according to Ernst Renan?
(a) Nations are formed by removing internal impediments to trade and enterprise.
(b) They are not formed only by common language, race, religion or territory.
(c) They are formed on social capital i.e., a heroic past, great men, glories, sacrifices and devotion.
(d) Both (b) and (c)

Question. What is plebiscite?
(a) It is a system of indirect vote by which the people of a religion, themselves decide to accept or reject a proposal.
(b) It is a system of direct vote by which the people of a religion, themselves decide to accept a proposal.
(c) It is a system of direct vote by which the people of a religion themselves decide to accept or reject a proposal.
(d) It is a system in which people of a religion do not have power to accept or reject a proposal.

Question. Two statements are given in the question below as Assertion (A) and Reasoning (R). Read the statements and choose the appropriate option.
Assertion (A): The lecture of Ernst Renan was published as a famous essay.
Reason (A): In this eassy he condemns the concepts suggested by others about the nation.
Options:
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explaination of A.
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explaination of A.
(c) A is true but R is false.
(d) A is false but R is true.

3. Read the source given below and answer the questions by choosing the most appropriate option.

Like Germany, Italy too had a long history of political fragmentation. Italians were scattered over several dynastic states as well as the multi-national Habsburg Empire. During the middle of the nineteenth century, Italy was divided into seven states, of which only one, Sardinia-Piedmont, was ruled by an Italian princely house. The north was under Austrian Habsburgs, the centre was ruled by the Pope and the southern regions were under the domination of the Bourbon kings of Spain. Even the Italian language had not acquired one common form and still had many regional and local variations.
During the 1830s, Giuseppe Mazzini had sought to put together a coherent programme for a unitary Italian Republic. He had also formed a secret society called Young Italy for the dissemination of his goals. The failure of revolutionary uprisings both in 1831 and 1848 meant that the mantle now fell on Sardinia-Piedmont under its ruler King Victor Emmanuel II to unify the Italian states through war. In the eyes of the ruling elites of this region, a unified Italy offered them the possibility of economic development and political dominance.

Question. During the middle of the 19th century, Italy was divided into how many states?
(a) 6
(b) 7
(c) 9
(d) 8

Question. Who among the following did not play any role in the process of unification of Italy?
(a) Napoleon
(b) Cavour
(c) Giuseppe Mazzini
(d) Garibaldi

Question. Fill in the blank from the given options.
Italy had a long history of political fragmentation. led the process of the unification of Italy.
(a) Venetia
(b) Papal State
(c) Sardinia-Piedmont
(d) None of these

Question. What do you know about Giuseppe Mazzini?
(a) He was a Russian revolutionary.
(b) He was a French revolutionary.
(c) He was an Italian revolutionary.
(d) He was a Prussian revolutionary.

Question. Which of the following regions was ruled by the Hubsburg Empire?
(a) Spain-Portugal
(b) Austria-Hungary
(c) Scotland-Ireland
(d) France-Netherlands

Question. Two statements are given in the question below as Assertion (A) and Reasoning (R). Read the statements and choose the appropriate option.
Assertion (A): Sardinia-Piedmont was ruled by an Italian princely house.
Reason (R): In 19th century, the central Italy was ruled by the Pope while the northern Italy was under Austrian Habsburgs.
Options:
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
(c) A is true but R is false.
(d) A is false but R is true.

4. Read the source given below and answer the questions by choosing the most appropriate option.

The first clear expression of nationalism came with the French Revolution in 1789. France, as you would remember, was a full-fledged territorial state in 1789 under the rule of an absolute monarch. The political and constitutional changes that came in the wake of the French Revolution led to the transfer of sovereignty from the monarchy to a body of French citizens. The revolution proclaimed that it was the people who would henceforth constitute the nation and shape its destiny.
From the very beginning, the French revolutionaries introduced various measures and practices that could create a sense of collective identity amongst the French people. The ideas of la patrie (the fatherland) and le citoyen (the citizen) emphasised the notion of a united community enjoying equal rights under a constitution. A new French flag, the tricolour, was chosen to replace the former royal standard. The Estates General was elected by the body of active citizens and renamed the National Assembly. New hymns were composed, oaths taken and martyrs commemorated, all in the name of the nation. A centralised administrative system was put in place and it formulated uniform laws for all citizens within its territory. Internal customs duties and dues were abolished and a uniform system of weights and measures was adopted. Regional dialects were discouraged and French, as it was spoken and written in Paris, became the common language of the nation.

Question. Which of the following revolutions is called as the first expression of nationalism?
(a) French Revolution
(b) Russian Revolution
(c) Glorious Revolution
(d) The Revolution of the Liberals

Question. When did the French Revolution take place?
(a) In 1889
(b) In 1789
(c) In 1788
(d) In 1751

Question. Fill in the blank from the given options.
The idea of la patrie was initiated by French revolutionaries. It means ……………… .
(a) the fatherland
(b) the motherland
(c) the citizen
(d) the Constitution

Question. Identify the purpose of the French revolutionaries from the following options:
(a) To establish republic
(b) To provide equal rights for all
(c) To create a sense for collective responsibility
(d) All of the above

Question. Which of the following measures was not adopted by the French revolutionaries?
(a) Ideas of la patrie and le citoyen
(b) The tricolour French flag
(c) Hymns composed
(d) Regional dialects were encouraged

Question. Two statements are given in the question below as Assertion (A) and Reasoning (R). Read the statements and choose the appropriate option.
Assertion (A) : In 1798, the first clear expression of nationalism came with the French Revolution.
Reason (A) : The idea of French revolutionaries emphasised the notion of a united community enjoying equal rights under a Constitution.
Options:
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explaination of A.
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explaination of A.
(c) A is true but R is false.
(d) A is false but R is true.

5. Read the source given below and answer the questions by choosing the most appropriate option.

Parallel to the revolts of the poor, unemployed and starving peasants and workers in many European countries in the year 1848, a revolution led by the educated middle classes was under way. Events of February 1848 in France had brought about the abdication of the monarch and a republic based on universal male suffrage had been proclaimed. In other parts of Europe where independent nation-states did not yet exist – such as Germany, Italy, Poland, the Austro-Hungarian Empire – men and women of the liberal middle classes combined their demands for constitutionalism with national unification. They took advantage of the growing popular unrest to push their demands for the creation of a nation-state on parliamentary principles – a constitution, freedom of the press and freedom of association.

Question. What are the demands of liberal middle class?
(a) A Constitution
(b) Freedom of the press
(c) Freedom of association
(d) All of these

Question. Which of the following is not an European country?
(a) Germany
(b) Italy
(c) USA
(d) Poland

Question. Fill in the blank from the given options.
Independent nation-states existed in other parts of Europe such as ………………… .
(a) Poland, Ireland
(b) Italy, Germany
(c) Hungary, Greece
(d) Germany, Netherlands

Question. Which of the following did not define the term ‘Liberal Nationalism’ for Europeans in the 19th century?
(a) End of autocracy and clerical privileges
(b) Freedom for the individual and equality
(c) Government empowered to violate the right of private property
(d) Government by consent

Question. Which of the following statements best describes the idea of liberal nationalism of 19th century Europe?
(a) Freedom of individual and equality before law
(b) Emphasis on social justice
(c) Supremacy of state oriented nationalism
(d) None of the above

Question. Two statements are given in the question below as Assertion (A) and Reasoning (R). Read the statements and choose the appropriate option.
Assertion (A): Events of February 1848 in France had brought about the abdication of the monarch.
Reason (R): This revolution led by the lower classes was underway.
Options:
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
(c) A is true but R is false.
(d) A is false but R is true.

6. Read the source given below and answer the questions by choosing the most appropriate option.

The issue of extending political rights to women was a controversial one within the liberal movement, in which large numbers of women had participated actively over the years. Women had formed their own political associations, founded newspapers and taken part in political meetings and demonstrations. Despite this they were denied suffrage rights during the election of the Assembly. When the Frankfurt parliament convened in the Church of St Paul, women were admitted only as observers to stand in the visitors’ gallery.
Though conservative forces were able to suppress liberal movements in 1848, they could not restore the old order. Monarchs were beginning to realise that the cycles of revolution and repression could only be ended by granting concessions to the liberal-nationalist revolutionaries. Hence, in the years after 1848, the autocratic monarchies of Central and Eastern Europe began to introduce the changes that had already taken place in Western Europe before 1815. Thus serfdom and bonded labour were abolished both in the Habsburg dominions and in Russia. The Habsburg rulers granted more autonomy to the Hungarians in 1867.

Question. What did women do to extend their political rights?
(a) They had formed their own political association.
(b) They had published newspapers.
(c) They had taken part in political meeting and demonstations.
(d) All of the above

Question. The Frankruft Parliament was held on
(a) 18 August 1948
(b) 8 May 1948
(c) 18 June 1948
(d) 18 May 1948

Question. Fill in the blank from the given options.
The Frankruft Parliament was a German National Assembly. The , where it was convened in 1848.
(a) Indoor Tennis Court
(b) Church of St. Pauls
(c) Bastille
(d) Hall of Mirrors

Question. What happened when Frankfurt Parliament was convened?
(a) Women were welcomed.
(b) They were allowed to take part in the discussion.
(c) Both (a) and (b)
(d) Women were admitted only as observers to stand in the visitor’s gallary.

Question. Conservative forces did not believe in establishing
(a) Social hierarchies
(b) Traditional institutions
(c) The democracy
(d) The monarchy

Question. Two statements are given in the question below as Assertion (A) and Reasoning (R). Read the statements and choose the appropriate option.
Assertion (A): Conservatives were able to repress liberal movements in 1848.
Reason (R): The Habsburg rulers glanted more autonomy to the Hungarians in 1867.
Options:
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
(c) A is true but R is false.
(d) A is false but R is true.

7. Read the source given below and answer the questions by choosing the most appropriate option.

On the bitterly cold morning of 18 January 1871, an assembly comprising the princes of the German states, representatives of the army, important Prussian ministers including the chief minister Otto von Bismarck gathered in the unheated Hall of Mirrors in the Palace of Versailles to proclaim the new German Empire headed by Kaiser William I of Prussia.
The nation-building process in Germany had demonstrated the dominance of Prussian state power. The new state placed a strong emphasis on modernising the currency, banking, legal and judicial systems in Germany. Prussian measures and practices often became a model for the rest of Germany.

Question. King William-I was belonged to which of the following nations?
(a) Prussia
(b) Austria
(c) Denmark
(d) France

Question. Who among the following personalities played an important role in unifying Germany?
(a) Mazzini
(b) Matternich
(c) Otto von Bismarck
(d) Kaiser William-I

Question. Fill in the blank from the given options.
Bismarck manipulated European rivalries to make Germany a world power. On 18 January 1871 in his leadership an assembly was held in …………………. .
(a) The Church of St. Pauls
(b) The Hall of Mirrors
(c) Indoor Tennis Court
(d) None of these

Question. Who was proclaimed the emperor of Germany after the unification of Germany?
(a) Otto von Bismarck
(b) Voltaire
(c) Matternich
(d) Kaiser William-I

Question. The new state emphasised on moderning the
(a) Banking
(b) Currency
(c) Legal and judicial systems
(d) All of these

Question. Two statements are given in the question below as Assertion (A) and Reasoning (R). Read the statements and choose the appropriate option.
Assertion (A): Otto von Bismarck was a Prussian minister.
Reason (R): Other Prussian measures and practices became a model for other parts of Germany.
Options:
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
(c) A is true but R is false.
(d) A is false but R is true.