MCQ Questions Chapter 14 Ecosystem Class 12 Biology

Please refer to MCQ Questions Chapter 14 Ecosystem Class 12 Biology with answers provided below. These multiple-choice questions have been developed based on the latest NCERT book for class 12 Biology issued for the current academic year. We have provided MCQ Questions for Class 12 Biology for all chapters on our website. Students should learn the objective based questions for Chapter 14 Ecosystem in Class 12 Biology provided below to get more marks in exams.

Chapter 14 Ecosystem MCQ Questions

Please refer to the following Chapter 14 Ecosystem MCQ Questions Class 12 Biology with solutions for all important topics in the chapter.

MCQ Questions Answers for Chapter 14 Ecosystem Class 12 Biology

Question- Animals that can tolerate a narrow range of salinity are
(a) Stenohaline
(b) Euryhaline
(c) Exohaline
(d) Endohaline

Question- The structure of the ecosystem is comprised of
(a) Input of energy
(b) Output of energy
(c) Transfer of energy
(d) All of these

Question- In which of the following method of biodiversity conservation, tracts of forest are set aside, and all the trees and wild life within are venerated and given total protection?
(a)Sacred groves
(b) Botanical garden
(c) Biosphere reserves
(d) National park

Question- Which of the following statements are correct?
i. Catalytic convert converters unburnt hydrocarbons into CO₂ and H₂O.
ii. The catalytic converters convert carbon monoxide and nitric oxide into CO₂ and N₂.
iii. Automobiles are the major causes of atmospheric pollution in the world.
iv. Proper maintenances of automobiles along with the use of lead free petrol and diesel cannot reduce the pollutants they emit.
v. In India, the air (prevention and control of pollution) Act came into force in 1981 amended in 1987 to included noise as air pollutants.
(a) i, ii, iv and v
(b) i, ii, iii, and v
(c) iii, iv, and v
(d) i, ii, and iii

Question- Which is not true regarding biodiversity?
(a) It provided more productivity ecosystem
(b) It change along the altitude
(c) Highest in tropical regions
(d) Increase with the increase in latitude

Question- Which of these statements about lichen is/are true?
I. Lichens are mutually beneficial symbiotic associations.
II. They grow extensively in areas with high pollutions, hence called as pollution indicators.
III. The phycobiont member, algae, is an autotroph and the mycobiont member, fungi is a heterotroph.
IV. Fungi help the algae harvest sunlight for photosynthesis.
(a) II and III
(b) I and III
(c) I, II and III
(d) III and IV

Question- Select the incorrect statement.
(a) Animal species are more than plant species on earth.
(b) Plant species are more in number in comparison to animal species.
(c) More than 90000 species of animals are found in India.
(d) India is one of the 12 mega diversity countries in the world.

Question- Read the following statements and select the correct statements.
i. DFC begins with dead inorganic matter.
ii. DFC is the major conduit for energy flow in a terrestrial ecosystem.
iii. GFC of aquatic ecosystem is longer than a terrestrial ecosystem.
iv. DFC and GFC are completely separate chains.
(a) i and ii
(b) ii and iii
(c) iii and iv
(d) i and v

Question- During an ecological succession, many changes occur. Select the wrong statement with respect to succession.
i. Some species colonizes and some species disappear.
ii. Diversity will not change during succession.
iii. The total biomass increases.
iv. The species number increases.
(a) i and ii
(b) Only iii
(c) Only ii
(d) iii and i

Question- Biochemical oxygen demand represents:
(a) Quantity of inorganic matter in water
(b) Quantity of heavy metals in water
(c) Quantity of organic matter in water
(d) Quantity of non-biodegradable organic matter.

Question- Select the incorrect statement with respect to aeration tank of the sewage treatment plant.
(a) In this tank microbes consume the major part of organic matter.
(b) Flocs contain aerobic fungal and anaerobic bacteria .
(c) BOD will reduce significantly.
(d) The primary effluent is constantly agitated mechanically and air is pumped into it.

Question- In brood parasitism:-
(a) Cuckoo bird lay its egg in the nest of its host’s nest.
(b) Cuscuta gowing on host plant
(c) Lice on human
(d) Clown fish that live among sea anemone.

Question- In India, the Air (prevention and control of pollution) Act came into force in-
(a) 1981
(b) 1978
(c) 1918
(d) 1997

Question- Contribution of CO₂ and CH₄, in the greenhouse effect is respectively.
(a) CO₂ 60%, CH₄ 20%
(b) CO₂ 20%, CH₄ 60%
(c) CO₂ 80%, CH₄ 20%
(d) CO₂ 70%, CH₄ 30%

Question- Carrying capacity of a population is determined by-
(a) Predation
(b) Natality
(c) Mortality
(d) Limiting resources

Question- Total number of liring material at the various trophic levels of a food chain is depicted by pyramids of-
(a) Number
(b) Energy
(c) Biomass
(d) All of the above

Question- Secondary producers are
(a) Herbivores
(b) Producers
(c) Carnivores
(d) None

Question- Which of the following statements regarding the movement of energy and nutrients through ecosystems is true?
(a) Energy flows and nutrients flow.
(b) Energy flows and nutrients cycle,
(c) Energy cycles and nutrients cycle.
(d) Energy cycles and nutrients flow.

Question- A food chain consists of-
(a) Producer only
(b) Producer and consumer
(c) Consumers
(d) Decomposers

Question- Which of the following is/are incorrect –
A. All ecosystems are constant in size
B. In nature food chains exist, not food web
C. flow of energy in ecosystem is linear
D. Gene flow occurs between 2 different population (of 2 species)
(a) A,C
(b) A,D
(c) A, B..P
(d) A, B, C,D

Question- Intensive planting of tress to increase forest cover is-
(a) Afforestation
(b) Agro-Foresting
(c) Deforestation
(d) Social forestry

Question- Which of the following statements about biogeochemical cycles is false?
(a) Caibon and nitrogen cycle faster than phosphorus.
(b) All biogeochemical cycles include both organisms and nonliving components.
(c) Most elements remain longest in the living portion of their cycle.
(d) You may have atoms in your body that were once part of a dinosaur.

Question- Forest area is India in about-
(a) 9% of geographical area
(b) 19% of geographical area
(c) 29% of geographical area
(d) 37% of geographical area

Question- The amount of energy reaching an upper trophic level is determined by
(a) net primary production.
(b) net primary production and the efficiencies with which food energy is converted to biomass.
(c) gross primary production.
(d) gross primary production and the efficiencies with which food energy is converted to biomass.

Question- The correct definition of ecosystem is
(a) A community of organisms interacting with one another
(b) The biotic components of an area
(c) That part of the earth and its atmosphere which is inhabited by living organisms
(d) A community of organisms together with the environment in which they live

Question- In a food chain, the maximum population is that-
(a) Produces
(b) Primary Consumers
(c) Secondary consumers
(d) Tertiary consumers

Question- Arrange the following ecosystems in increasing order of mean NPP (Tonnes / ha / year)
A. Tropical deciduous forest
B. Temperate coniferous forest
C. Tropical rain forest
D. Temperate deciduous forest
(a) B<A<D<C
(b) D<B<A<C
(c) A<C<D<B
(d) B<D<A<C

Question- Which of the following is true about the amount of sunlight and heat arriving on Earth?
(a) Every place on Earth receives the same annual number of hours of sunlight and the same amount of heat.
(b) Every place on Earth receives the same annual number of hours of sunlight, but not the same amount of heat.
(c) Every place on Earth receives the same annual amount of heat, but not the same number of hours of sunlight.
(d) Both the annual amount of sunlight and the amount of heat received vary over the surface of Earth.

Question- Photic zone lies upto the depth of
(a) 10M
(b) 100M
(c) 150M
(d) 200M

Question- In which of the following compartments of the global ecosystem would circulation of materials be affected by Earth’s revolution around the sun?
(a) Oceans
(b) Fresh waters
(c) Atmosphere
(d) All of the above

Question- In an ecosystem, the population of
(a) Primary producer is greater than primary consumers
(b) Secondary consumers is largest
(c) Primary consumers out number primary
(d) Primary consumer is least dependent upon primary producers

Question- The transfer of energy in food chain is
(a) Bidirectional
(b) Unidirectional
(c) Multi-directional
(d) Reversible

Question- Water-logged soil in-
(a) Physically wet but physiologically day
(b) Physically as well as physiologically
(c) Physically as well as physiologically day
(d) Physically day

Question- Column I             Column II
I. Phosphorus            (A) Atmosphere
II. Carbon                  (B) Producers
III. Goat                    (C) Rock
IV. Grasses                (D)T2
(a) I- C.ll- B, III-D, IV-A
(b) l- C, II- A, III-D, IV-B
(c) l- A, II- C, III-B, IV-D
(d) l- B, ll-C.lll-D.IV-A

Question- Percentage of nitrogen in air is about
(a) 78%
(b) 69%
(c) 21%
(d) 0.03-.03%

Question- In a forest ecosystem/green plants are
(a) Primary producers
(b) Primary consumers
(c) Consumers
(d) Decomposers

Question- Graphic representation of biornass relationship between the producer and the consumers is called
(a) Ecoiogicai system
(b) Ecological niche
(c) Ecological pyramid
(d) Trophic level

Question- A pond is
(a) A biome
(b) A natural ecosystem
(c) An artificial ecosystem
(d) A community of plants and animals only

Question- Which of the food chain will be advantageous in terms of energy ?
(a) Plants -> Man
(b) Plants -> Goat -> Man
(c) Plants -> Mice -» Snakes- Hawk
(d) Plants -> Grass hopper -> Insects -» Frog -> Snake -> Hawk

Question- In a food chain, herbivores are
(a) Primary consumers
(b) Primary producers
(c) Secondary consumers
(d) Decomposers

Question- The secondary productivity means
(a) Rate of increase in the biomass of autotrophs
(b) Rate of increase in the biomass of heterotrophs
(c) The rate at which the organic molecules are formed in an autotroph
(d) The rate at which organic molecules are used up by an autotroph

Question- Which one of the following has the largest population in a food chain?
(a) Producers
(b) Primary consumers
(c) Secondary consumers
(d) Decomposers

Question- After nutrient input into a lake is reduced, the time required for the lake to return to pre-eutrophication conditions depends on
(a) the rate of turnover of its waters.
(b) the presence of the appropriate algae-eating fish
(c) whether there is a thermocline in the lake
(d) the amount of groundwater reaching the lake

Question- Nepenthes is a
(a) Primary producer
(b) Consumer
(c) Soprophyte
(d) Primary producer and consumer

Question- _______is the only life containing region of the dinosphere.
(a) Mesosphere
(b) Exosphere
(c) Thermosphere
(d) Troposphere

Question- When a big fish eats a sma!! fish which eats water fleas supported by phytopiankton, the water fleas are :
(a) Producer
(b) Primary consumers
(c) Secondary consumers
(d) Top consumer in this top chain

Question- The total amount of energy that plants assimilate by photosynthesis is called
(a) gross primary production
(b) net primary production
(c) biomass
(d) a pyramid of energy

Question- When a peacock eats snakes which eats insects thriving on green plants, the peacock is
(a) A primary consumer
(b) A primary decomposer
(c) A final decomposer
(d) The apex of the food pyramid

Question- Which of the following process helps in nutrient conservation?
(a) Miner zation
(b) Immobilization
(c) Leaching
(d) Nitrification

Question- Which of the following is an abiotic component of the ecosystem?
(a) Bacteria
(b) Humus
(c) Plants
(d) Fungi

Question- A. The amount of living matter (biomass) present at every trophical level is called standing crop
B. Saprophytes are not given any in ecological pyramids
C. Ecological pyramid does not account the same species belonging to two or more trophic levels
D. Humus is reservoir of nutrients
(a) All are correct
(b) All are incorrect
(c) Only D is correct
(d) A, D and C are correct

Question-Second most important trophic level is a lake is
(a) Phytoplankton
(b) Zooplankton
(c) Benthos
(d) Fishes

Question- Ecosystem has two components
(a) Plants and animals
(b) Weeds and trees
(c) Biotic and abiotic
(d) Frogs and man

Question- Which is correct sequence in the food chain?
(a) Grass -> Wolf -> Deer -> Buffalo
(b) Bacteria -> Grass -> Rabbit -> Wolf
(c) Grass -> insect -> Bird -> Snake
(d) Grass -> Snake -> insect -> Deer

Question- Ecological niche refers to
(a) Habitat
(b) Microhabitat
(c) Habitat and its relationship
(d) Habitat and climate

Question- A vegetarian food habits of man help in getting
(a) Less energy than non-vegetarian
(b) More energy than non-vegetarian
(c) Some amount of energy as in non-vegetarian
(d) More or less same energy as non-vegetar-ian but depending upon the type of food taken

Question- The gaseous portion of outer earth surface is
(a) Hydrosphere
(b) Atmosphere
(c) Lithosphere
(d) Biotic component

Question- Which of the following biome has largest number .of species?
(a) Taiga
(b) Tropical forest
(c) Deciduous forest
(d) Chapparal

Question- The pyramid of energy is always upright for any ecosystem. This situation indicates the fact that –
(a) Producesrs have the lowest energy conversion efficiency
(b) Carnivores have a better energy conversion efficiency than herbivores
(c) Energy conversion efficiency is the same in all trophic
(d) Herbivores have a better energy conversion efficiency than carnivores

Question- Which of the following represents the sedimentary type of nutrient cycle?
(a) Nitrogen
(b) Carbon
(c) Phosphorus
(d) Oxygen

Question- The energy transferred from one trophic level to another is-
(a) 5%
(b) 10%
(c) 5%
(d) 20%

Question- Soil fertility in reduced by-
(a) Nitrogen fixing bacteria
(b) Decaying organic matter
(c) Crop rotation
(d) Intensive agriculture

Question- Primary productivity depends upon –
a. the plant species inhabiting a particular area
b. availability of nutrients
c. photosynthetic capacity of plants
D. none

Question- Strong winds with intermediate duration are termed-
(a) Strom
(b) Typhoon
(c) Gusts
(d) Squall

Question- Which is correct?
(a) primary succession occurs faster than secondary succession.
(b) secondary succession occurs faster than primary succession
(c) primary and secondary succession occur at the same rate
(d) none

Question- Which of the following statements about biogeochemical cycles is not true?
(a) Most elements remain longest in the living portion of their cycle.
(b) Gaseous elements cycle more quickly than elements without a gaseous phase.
(c) You may have some atoms in your body that were once part of a dinosaur.
(d) Biogeochemical cycles all include both organismal and nonliving components.

Question- In the human-induced condition called eutrophication, the main biogeochemical cycle that is altered is the ______ cycle, and the effect is to create ________ conditions and decrease species diversity..
(a) hydrological, aerobic
(b) phosphorus, anaerobic
(c) hydrological, aerobic
(d) phosphorus, aerobic

Question- Termite is a-
(a) Detrivore
(b) Decomposer
(c) Saprotroph
(d) All of these

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