Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants HOTs Class 12 Biology

Question. Identify A to F in the given diagram.  (Image 86)
(a) A–Pollen tube, B–Ovary, C–Ovule, D–Antipodal cell, E–Pollen grain, F–Polar nuclei
(b) A–Polar nuclei, B–Antipodal cell, C–Ovule, D–Ovary, E–Pollen tube, F–Pollen grain
(c) A–Pollen grain, B–Pollen tube, C–Ovary, D–Ovule, E–Antipodal cell, F– Polar nuclei
(d) A–Antipodal cell, B–Ovule, C–Ovary, D–Polar nuclei, E–Pollen grain, F–Pollen tube

Question. Diagram showing discharge of gametes in the egg apparatus. Identify A, B and C.  (Image 88)
(a) A–Polar nuclei, B–Female gametes, C–Synergid cell
(b) A–Male gametes, B–Synergid cell, C–Polar nuclei
(c) A–Synergid cell, B–Male gametes, C–Polar nuclei
(d) A–Polar nuclei, B–Male gametes, C–Synergid cell

Question. Generally pollen tube enters through
(a) micropylar region
(b) antipodal region
(c) chalazal end
(d) nuclear region

Question. For artificial hybridisation experiment in bisexual flower, which of the sequence is correct?
(a) Bagging® Emasculation® Cross-pollination ® Rebagging
(b) Emasculation® Bagging® Cross-pollination ® Rebagging
(c) Cross-pollination® Bagging® Emasculation ® Rebagging
(d) Self-pollination® Bagging® Emasculation ® Rebagging

Question. Find out A, B and C in the flowchart given below.   (Image 97)
(a) A–Female gamete, B–Male gamete, C–Endosperm
(b) A−Endosperm, B–Female gamete, C–Male gamete
(c) A–Male gamete, B–Polar nuclei, C–Endosperm
(d) A–Female gamete, B–Endosperm, C–Male gamete

Question. Find out A, B and C in the flowchart given below. (Image 98)
(a) A–Embryo, B–Male gamete, C–Female gamete
(b) A–Male gamete, B–Female gamete, C–Embryo
(c) A–Female gamete, B–Embryo, C–Male gamete
(d) A–Male gamete, B–Embryo, C–Female gamete

Question. How many number of nuclei are involved in fertilisation?
(a) 1
(b) 1 + 1
(c) 2 + 1
(d) None of these

Question. The total number of nuclei involved in triple fusion is/are
(a) 2
(b) 3
(c) 4
(d) 1

Question. Wind pollinated and water pollinated flowers
(a) are colourful
(b) are non-colourful
(c) are small in size
(d) produce nectar

Question. In a typical complete, bisexual and hypogynous flower the arrangement of floral whorls on the thalamus from the outermost to the innermost is
(a) calyx, corolla, androecium and gynoecium
(b) calyx, corolla, gynoecium and androecium
(c) gynoecium, androecium, corolla and calyx
(d) androecium, gynoecium, corolla and calyx

Question. Among the terms listed below, those that are not technically correct names for a floral whorl are
I. androecium II. carpel
III. corolla IV. sepal
(a) I and IV
(b) III and IV
(c) II and IV
(d) I and II

Question. Pollenkitt is present in
(a) anemophily
(b) entomophily
(c) malacophily
(d) zoophily

Question. Syngamy and triple fusion is called …A… . The central cell becomes …B… develop into …C… and zygote develops into …D… . A, B, C and D in the above statements are
(a) A–fusion, B–haploid, C–diploid cell, D–embryo
(b) A–double fertilisation, B–PEC, C–endosperm, D–embryo
(c) A–embryo, B–endosperm, C–PEC, D–diploid cell
(d) A–PEC, B–endosperm, C–syngamy, D–fertilisation

Question. . 04 PEC (Primary Endosperm Cell) is formed
(a) after triple fusion
(b) before triple fusion
(c) at the time of syngamy
(d) always persisted

Question. In an angiosperm, male plant is diploid and female plant is tetraploid then endosperm will be
(a) haploid
(b) triploid
(c) tetraploid
(d) pentaploid

Question. In angiosperm, pollen tube librates their male gametes into the
(a) central cell
(b) antipodal cell
(c) egg cell
(d) synergids

Question. Identify the A to E in the following diagram of typical dicot embryo. (Image 113)
(a) A–Cotyledons, B–Hypocotyl, C–Plumule, D–Root cap, E–Radicle
(b) A–Radicle, B–Root cap, C–Plumule, D–Hypocotyl, E–Cotyledons
(c) A–Hypocotyl, B–Cotyledons, C–Plumule, D–Radicle, E–Root cap
(d) A–Plumule, B–Cotyledons, C–Hypocotyl, D–Radicle, E–Root cap

Question. In figure given below, find out the type of seed and identify coleoptile, coleorhiza and epiblast. (Image 114)
(a) Monocots–A, B and C
(b) Dicots–F, A and C
(c) Monocots–B, G and D
(d) Dicots–D, E and A

Question. The world’s oldest viable seed, excavated from Arctic Tundra is of
(a) lupine
(b) Ficus
(c) date palm
(d) Phoenix

Question. Viability of date palm (Phoenix dactylifera) seed is
(a) 2000 yrs
(b) 1000 yrs
(c) 500 yrs
(d) 100 yrs

Question. Seed formation without fertilisation in flowering plants involves the process of 
(a) budding
(b) somatic hybridisation
(c) apomixis
(d) sporulation

Question. Nucellar polyembryony is reported in
(a) Gossypium
(b) Triticum
(c) Brassica
(d) Citrus

Question. Double fertilisation is exhibited by 
(a) gymnosperms
(b) algae
(c) fungi
(d) angiosperms

Question. Function of filiform apparatus is to CBSE-AIPMT 2014, 08
(a) recognise the suitable pollen at stigma
(b) stimulate division of generative cell
(c) produce nectar
(d) guide the entry of pollen tube

Question. Apomictic embryos in Citrus arise from
(a) synergids
(b) maternal sporophytic tissue in ovule
(c) antipodal cell
(d) haploid egg

I. Assertion and Reason
n Direction (Q. No. 134-148) In each of the following questions, a statement of Assertion (A) is given followed by corresponding statement of Reason (R). Of the statements, mark the correct answer as
(a) If both A and R are true and R is correct explanation of A
(b) If both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A
(c) If A is true, but R is false
(d) If A is false, but R is true

Question. Assertion (A) Gynoecium consists of pistil.
Reason (R) It represents the male reproductive part in flowering plants. 

Question. Assertion (A) Meiosis is the cell division which occurs in the sexually reproducing organisms.
Reason (R) Meiotic cell division results into two cellshav ing exactly same genetic makeup.     

Question. Assertion (A) Flowers are the structures related to sexual reproduction in flowering plants.     
Reason (R) Various embryological processes of plants occur in a flower.

Question. Assertion (A) Megaspore mother cell undergoes meiosis to produce four megaspores.   
Reason (R) Megaspore mother cell and megaspore both are haploid.

Question. Assertion (A) Pollen grain of angiosperm is considered as the male gametophyte.     
Reason (R) Pollen grain contains stigma, style and ovary.

Question. Assertion (A) Geitonogamy is genetically similar to autogamy.       
Reason (R) In geitonogamy, pollen grains come from the same plant.

Question. Assertion (A) Cleistogamous flowers produce assured seed set in the absence of pollinators.     
Reason (R) Cleistogamous flowers do not open at all.

Question. Assertion (A) Removal of anthers is first step in artificial hybridisation.       
Reason (R) It prevents contamination of anthers.

Question. Assertion (A) Endosperm development preceds embryo development.       
Reason (R) It assures nutrition to the developingemb ryo.

Question. Assertion (A) Non-albuminous seeds have no residual endosperm.       
Reason (R) The endosperm is completely consumed during embryo development.

Question. Assertion (A) Mango is a false fruit.
Reason (R) The thalamus also contributes to fruit formation in false fruits.       

Question. Assertion (A) Some fruits are seedless or contain non-viable seeds.     
Reason (R) They are produced without fertilisation.

Question. Assertion (A) In apomixis, plants of new genetic variations are not produced.       
Reason (R) In apomixis, reductional division takes place.

Question. Assertion Parthenocarpy involves the formation of seedless fruits.       
Reason Apomixis occurs without fertilisation.

Question. Assertion In apomixis, the plants of new genetic sequence are produced.     
Reason In apomixis, two organisms of same genetic sequence meet.
II. Statement Based Questions

Question. Read the following statements and choose the correct ones.
I. Non-essential floral organs in a flower are sepals and petals.
II. Stamens represent microsporophylls.
III. Adithecious anther consists of four microsporangia two in each lobe.
IV. The anther wall has middle layer lieing between endothecium and tapetum.       
(a) I and II
(b) II and III
(c) III and IV
(d) I, II, III and IV

Question. Which one of the following statement is correct?       
(a) Hard outer layer of pollen is called intine 
(b) Sporogenous tissue is haploid
(c) Endothecium produces the microspores
(d) Tapetum nourishes the developing pollen

Question. Self-incompatibility is a device for
I. ensuring cross-pollination.
II. preventing self-fertilisation.
III. ensuring self-fertilisation.
IV. genetic control for self-fertilisation.
Choose the correct statements from those given above.
(a) I, II and III
(b) I, II, III and IV
(c) I, III and IV
(d) I, II and IV

Question. Which of the following statement(s) is/are correct?
I. The stigma serves as a landing platform for pollen grains.
II. Ovarian cavity is also known as ovarian locule and is present inside the ovary.
III. Placenta is located inside the ovarian cavity.
IV. The ovule is attached to the placenta by funicle.
(a) I, II and III
(b) I, II and IV
(c) I and III
(d) I, II, III and IV

Question. Read the following statements.
I. Generative cell is bigger and contains abundant food reserve.
II. Vegetative cell is small and floats in the cytoplasm of the generative cell.
III. In angiosperms various stages of reductional divisions can be studied in young anthers.
IV. Hilum represents the junctions between ovule and funicle.
Choose the option with correct set of statements.
(a) I and II
(b) I and III
(c) II and IV
(d) III and IV

Question. Read the following statements and choose the correct statements.
I. Heterostyly as a contrivance for cross-pollination is found in Primula vulgaris.
II. Cleistogamous flower is present in Commelina.
III. Tallest flower are of Amorphophallus.
IV. In monoecious condition, both male and female flowers are borne on same plant, an example of such plant is Cucurbita.
(a) I and II
(b) II and III
(c) III and IV
(d) I, II, III and IV

Question. Read the following statements and choose the correct ones.
I. Mature ovules in which micropyle comes to lie close to the funiculus the ovule is anatropous.
II. When micropyle, chalaza and hilum lie in a straight
line the ovule is said to be orthotropous.
III. Megasporangium along with its protective integument is called ovule.
(a) I and II
(b) II and III
(c) I and III
(d) I, II and III

Question. Consider the following statements.
I. Pollination by bats is known as chiropterophily.
II. Pollination by ants is known as ornithophily.
(a) Both statements I and II are true
(b) Statements I is true, but II is false
(c) Statements I is false, but II is true
(d) Both statements I and II are false

Question. Which one of the following statement is incorrect about pollination?
(a) Anemophily is by wind and occurs in grasses and date palm
(b) Hydrophily is by water and occurs in Zostera, Vallisneria and Ceratophyllum
(c) Entomophily is by insects and occurs in rose, jasmine, Salvia, etc.
(d) Ornithophily is by birds and occurs in Adansonia

Question. Which of the following statement(s) is/are correct about Parthenium (carrot grass)?
(a) Parthenium came into India as a contaminant with imported wheat
(b) It has became ubiquitous in occurrence
(c) It causes pollen allergy
(d) All of the above

Question. Choose the incorrect statement from the following.
(a) Long ribbon-like pollen grains are seen in some aquatic plants
(b) In some insect species, the floral reward for pollination is the safe place to lay eggs in the flower
(c) Insect robbers consume pollens or nectar without bringing about pollination
(d) Majority of the flowering plants produce homosexual flowers

Question. Refer to the given characteristics of some flowers :
I. Flowers are small. They are often packed in inflorescence.
II. Flowers are colourless, nectarless and odourless
III. Well exposed stamens.
IV. Pollen grains produced in large number, light and non-sticky.
V. Flowers often have a single ovule in each ovary.
VI. Stigma-large, often feathery.
The above features are the characteristics of
(a) Self-pollination
(b) Anemophily (pollination by wind)
(c) Ornithophily (pollination by birds)
(d) Entomophily (pollination by insects)

Question. The events in pollen-pistil interaction are given below.
I. Pollen grain germinates to form pollen tube.
II. Pollen tube enters the ovule through micropyle.
III. Pollen grain reaches the stigma.
IV. Pollen tube grows through the tissues of stigma and style and reaches the ovary.
The sequential order of their occurrence is
(a) III® I® IV® II
(b) II® IV® III® I
(c) III® IV® II® I
(d) II® III® I® IV

Question. Which of the following statement is correct?
(a) Pollination gives the guarantee of the promotion of post-pollination events that lead to fertilisation
(b) The events ‘from pollen deposition on stigma until pollen tubes enter the ovule’ are together referred to as pollen-pistil interaction
(c) Pollen-pistil interaction is a dynamic process involving pollen recognition followed by only promotion (not rejection) of the pollen
(d) Pistil has no ability to recognise the pollen, whether right or wrong type

Question. Study the following and find correct statement(s).
I. Pollination by water is quite rare in flowering plants and is limited to about 50 genera, mostly monocotyledons.
II. Water is a regular mode of transport for the male gametes among higher plant groups.
III. Distribution of bryophytes and pteridophytes are limited because of the need of water for transport of male gametes and fertilisation.
(a) Only I
(b) II and III
(c) Only III
(d) Only II

Question. Read the following statements.
I. Double fertilisation was discovered by Nawaschin in Lilium and Fritillaria.
II. The total number of nuclei involved in double fertilisation is five.
III. The central cell of embryo sac, as a result of triple fusion becomes primary endosperm cell (PEC).
IV. Synergids are haploid.
Choose the correct set of statements.
(a) I, II and III
(b) II and IV
(c) I, III and IV
(d) I, II, III and IV

Question. Find out the correct statement(s).
I. Most commonendosperm is of nuclear type.
II. Coconut water is male gametophyte.
III. Coconut has both free-nuclear and cellular type ofendosper m.
(a) I, II and III
(b) I and III
(c) II and III
(d) I and II

Question. Find out the correct statement(s).
I. Endosperm formation is the prior event than embryo  formation.
II. Angiospermic and gymnospermic endosperm are 3nand n, respectively.
III. Endospermic seeds are found in castor, barley and coconut.
IV. In albuminous seed, food is stored in endosperm and in non-albuminous seeds, it is strored in cotyledons.
(a) I and IV
(b) II and III
(c) I and III
(d) I, II, III and IV

Question. Observe the following diagrams. (Image 167)
Select correct statement regarding the above fruits.
(a) Both are parthenocarpic fruits which develops without fertilisation
(b) Both are true fruits which develops only from the ovary
(c) Both are false fruits in which thalamus also contributes to fruit formation
(d) A is false fruit and B is true fruit

Question. The given diagram is related to castor seeds. Select the incorrect statement regarding the labelled parts.   (Image 168)
(a) Seed coat protect the seed from physical, temperature or water damage
(b) Endosperm provides nourishment to the developingemb ryo
(c) Castor seed has single cotyledon, i.e.monocotyl edonous and is albuminous
(d) Hypocotyl terminates at its lower end in the root tip

III. Matching Type Questions

Question. Match the following columns.       C   (Image 169 )

Question. Match the following columns.       B  (Image 170 )

Question. Match the following columns.       C    (Image 171 )

Question. Match the following columns.       B   (Image 172 )

Question. Match the following columns.       A   (Image 173 )

Question. Match the following columns.       C   (Image 174 )

Question. Match the following columns.       D   (Image 175 )

Question. Match the following columns.       A   (Image 176 )

Question. Match the following columns.       A   (Image 177 )

Question. What is the correct sequence of development of microsporogenesis?
(a) Pollen grain® Sporogenous tissue® Microspore tetrad® PMC® Male gametes
(b) Sporogenous tissue® Microspore tetrad® PMC ® Male gametes
(c) Pollen grain® Male gametes® PMC® Microspore tetrad – Sporogenous tissue
(d) Sporogenous tissue® PMC® Microspore tetrad ® Pollen grain® Male gametes

Question. Strategies to prevent self-pollination are
(a) dioecy
(b) self-incompatibility
(c) Both (a) and (b)
(d) None of these

Question. The portion of embryonal axis above the level of cotyledons is
(a) epicotyl
(b) hypocotyl
(c) plumule
(d) radicle

Question. Perisperm is
(a) residual nucellus
(b) residual endosperm
(c) covering of fruit
(d) None of these

Question. Name the part of gynoecium that determines the compatible nature of pollen grain.
(a) Pistil
(b) Ovary
(c) Ovum
(d) Ovule

Question. Which type of pollination occurs in self-incompatible plant?
(a) Self-pollination
(b) Cross-pollination
(c) Water pollination
(d) Wind pollination