MCQ Questions Chapter 11 Biotechnology Principles and Processes Class 12 Biology

Please refer to MCQ Questions Chapter 11 Biotechnology Principles and Processes Class 12 Biology with answers provided below. These multiple-choice questions have been developed based on the latest NCERT book for class 12 Biology issued for the current academic year. We have provided MCQ Questions for Class 12 Biology for all chapters on our website. Students should learn the objective based questions for Chapter 11 Biotechnology Principles and Processes in Class 12 Biology provided below to get more marks in exams.

Chapter 11 Biotechnology Principles and Processes MCQ Questions

Please refer to the following Chapter 11 Biotechnology Principles and Processes MCQ Questions Class 12 Biology with solutions for all important topics in the chapter.

MCQ Questions Answers for Chapter 11 Biotechnology Principles and Processes Class 12 Biology

Question- In genetic fingerprinting, the ‘probe’ refers to ––––––
(a) a radioactively labelled single stranded DNA molecule.
(b) a radioactively labelled single stranded RNA molecule.
(c) a radioactively labelled double stranded RNA molecule.
(d) a radioactively labelled double stranded DNA molecule.

Question- A selectable marker is used to
(a) help in eliminating the non-transformants, so that the transformants can be regenerated.
(b) identify the gene for a desired trait in an alien organism.
(c) select a suitable vector for transformation in a specific crop.
(d) mark a gene on a chromosome for isolation using restriction enzyme.

Question- The DNA fragments separated on an agarose gel can be visualised after staining with
(a) acetocarmine
(b) aniline blue
(c) ethidium bromide
(d) bromophenol blue.

Question- Which of the following restriction enzymes produces blunt ends?
(a) SalI
(b) EcoRV
(c) XhoI
(d) HindIII

Question- Which of the following is not a feature of the plasmids?
(a) Transferable
(b) Single-stranded
(c) Independent replication
(d) Circular structure

Question- The DNA molecule to which the gene of interest is integrated for cloning is called
(a) template
(b) carrier
(c) transformer
(d) vector.

Question- Identify A, B, C and D in the given diagram.

(a) A-ori, B-amp^R, C-tet^R, D-HindIII
(b) A-HindIII, B-tet^R, C-amp^R, D-ori
(c) A-amp^R, B-tet^R, C-HindIII, D-ori
(d) A-tet^R, B-HindIII, C-ori, D-amp^R

Question- Which vector can clone only a small fragment of DNA?
(a) Bacterial artificial chromosome
(b) Yeast artificial chromosome
(c) Plasmid
(d) Cosmid

Question- One bacterium which has found extensive use in genetic engineering work in plants is-
(a) Xanthomanas citie
(b) Bacillus coagulens
(c) Clostridium septium
(d) Agro bacterium termefaciers

Question- If a protein encoding gene is expressed in a heterologous host it is called
(a) recombinant protein
(b) primary protein
(c) secondary protein
(d) tertiary protein

Question- Column I                         Column II

I. Band	A. Restriction fragments are attached to this
II. Positive pole	B. Where specific restriction fragment collects in gel
III. Taq polymerase	C. Piece of DMA cut up by restriction enzymes
IV. Recognition	D. PCR

(a) I-D, II-A, Ml-B, IV-C
(b) I A,II – D, HI – B, IV – C
(c) I-D, II-A, III-C, IV-B
(d) l-B, II-A, III-D, IV-C

Question- During DNA purification, which enzyme is used to treat plant cells?
(a) Lysozyme
(b) Cellulose
(c) Chitinase
(d) Cutinase

Question- Which statement is incorrect?
A. Genetic enginering is also caleld recombinant DNA technology
B. Bacteriophage is not used as vector
C. MALAYALAM is a p ndrome
D. Ethidium bromide can not be used for staining DNA
(a) A, B
(b) B,D
(c) C,D
(d) A, B, C, D

Question- Which are among the following in fist a closing plasmid and not an expression plasmid ?
(a) pBAD-18Cam
(b) pBCSK
(c) pUC18
(d) PET

Question- Which of the following has been used as cloning vector?
(a) Agrobacterium tumifaciens
(b) Bacillus polymyxa
(c) Aspergillus niger
(d) Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Question- Match the Following

Column I	Column II
I. PCR	A. Thermus aquaticus
II. Taq DNApolymerase	B. Plasmid
III. Extrachromosomal DNA	C. Amplification
IV. Ethidium bromide	D. DNA staining

(a) I-C, II-A, III-B, IV-D
(b) l-B, II-A, III-D, IV-C
(c) l-D, II-A, III-C, IV-B
(d) l-A, II-D, III-B, IV-C

Question- Fill up the blanks-
A. When cut by the same restriction enzyme, the resultant DMA fragments have the same kind of ______and these can be joined together end-to-end using
B. Disruption of the cell membranes can be achieved by treating the bacterial cells plant or animal tissue with enzymes such as _____ (bacteria), _____ (plant cells) and _____ (fungus).
C. If any protein encoding gene is expressed in a heterologous host, it is called a _____.
D. In gel electrophoresis, the separated DMA fragments can be seen oniy after staining the DNA with a compound known as ______ followed by exposure to UV radiation.
(a) A- sticky ends, recombinase; B – lysozyme, cellulase, chitinase; C – recombinant protein; D – ethidium bromide
(b) A- sticky ends, DNA ligases; B – exonuclease, cellulase, chitinase; C – recombinant protein; D – ethidium bromide
(c) A- sticky ends, DNA ligases; B – lysozyme, cellulase, chitinase; C – native protein; D – cesium chloride
(d) A- sticky ends, DNA ligases; B – lysozyme, cellulase, chitinase; C – recombinant protein; D – ethidium bromide

Question- Which of the following are required to facilitate cloning into a vector?
(a) Origin of replication
(b) Selectable marker
(c) Cloning sites
(d) All of these

Question- Match the Following

Column I	Column II
I. Recombinant DMA technology	A. Vector
II. Cloning vehicles	B. Se ng enzyme
III. macromolecular separation	C. Electrophoresis
IV. DNAIigase	D. Genetic engineering

(a) I-D, II-A, III-B, IV-C
(b) I-A, II-D, III-B, IV-C
(c) I-D, II-A, III-C, IV-B
(d) l-B, II-A, III-D, IV-C

Question- DNA recombinant technology uses
A Restriction endonucleases
B. DNA iigase
C. Cloning vector D. Electrophoresis
(a) A,B
(b) B, C
(c) C,D
(d) A,B,C,D

Question- Which is incorrect?
(a) EcoRI cuts the DNA between bases G and A.
(b) Each restriction endonuclease recognizes a specific p ndromic nucleotide sequences in DNA.
(c) When cut by same restriction enzyme, the resultant DNA fragments do not have the same kind of ‘sticky-ends’.
(d) Making multiple identical copies of any template DNA is called cloning

Question- Which of the following is not a tool used to perform genetic engineering –
(a) plasmid
(b) protein
(c) gene gun
(d) virus

Question- Match the Following

Column I	Column II
I. Plasmid	A. Selectable marker
II. ampr	B. Extrachromosomal DMA
III. Ti-plasmic	C. Enzyme
IV. Chitinase	D. Agrobacterium tumifaciens

(a) I- D, II-A, III-B, IV-C
(b) l-B, II-A, III-D, IV-C
(c) l-D, II-A, III-C, IV-B
(d) l-A, II-D, III-B, IV-C

Question- A device in which substances are treated to stimulate transformation by living cells is called
(a) assimilator
(b) digester
(c) bioreactor
(d) agitator

Question- Which of the following is the correct sequence of PCR or polymerase chain reaction?
(a) Denaturation -> Anne ng -> Extension
(b) Extension -> Denaturation -> Anne ng
(c) Anne ng -> Extension -> Denaturation
(d) Denaturation -> Extension -> Anne ng

Question- 52 Autonomously replicating circular extrachromosomal DMA is called
(a) B-chromosome
(b) jumping gene
(c) plasmid
(d) recombinant DMA

Question- What are the properties of a good vector?
A. it should be ideally more than 10 kb in size B. it should be able to replicate autonomously
C. it should have suitable marker genes D. it should not be easy to isolate and purify
(a) A, B
(b) B,C
(c) C,D
(d) A, B, C, D

Question- The technique in which a foreign DNA in precipitated on the surface of tungsten or gold particle and shot into the targets cells is known as-
(a) Microinjection
(b) Chemical mediatted gene transfer
(c) Electroportation
(d) Particle gun

Question- ECORI cleaves DNA at-
(a) G A A T T C
(b) T A T A G C
(c) A A g g T T
(d) g A T A T C

Question- Genetic engineering in possible because-
(a) The pheromenan of transduction in bacteria is well understood.
(b) We can see DNA by electron microscope
(c) We can cut DNA at specific sites by endonucleare like DNA ase
(d) Restriction endonucleare purified from bacteria can be used in vitro

Question- Viral genome incorporated into lost DNA is called-
(a) Prophase
(b) Prophase
(c) Bacgeriophage
(d) None of these

Question- Match the Following

Column I	Column II
I. Southern blotting	A. Running of DNA fragments on gel
II. Gel electrophoresis	B. Cutting of DNA into fragments
III. Cleavage	C. Transfer of DNA fragment from gel to nitrocellulose disc
IV. DNA probing	D. Searching for desired DNA fragments

(a) l-D, II-A, III-B, IV-C
(b) l-C, II-A, III-B, IV-D
(c) I-D, II-A, III-C, IV-B
(d) l-A, II-D, III-B, !V-C

Question- Gene gun or particle bombardment gun method of gene iransfei utilises
(a) microneedles
(b) micropipettes
(c) microprojectiles
(d) electrical impulses

Question- Due to ampicillin resistance gene, one is able to select a transformed cell in the presence of ampicillin. The ampicil resistance gene in this case is called
(a) recombinant gene
(b) selectable marker
(c) origin of replication
(d) recognition site

Question- Match the Following

Column I	Coiumn II
I. Agarose	A. PCR
II. Opines	B. Gene gun
III. Biolistic	C. Ti plasmid
IV. Thermal cycler	D. Sea weeds

(a) I-D, II-A, III-B, IV-C
(b) l-D, II-C, III-B, IV-A
(c) l-D, II-A, III-C, IV-B
(d) l-A, II-D, III-B, IV-C

Question- Which of the following vectors are used to deliver a desirable gene into animal and plant cells, respectively?
(a) Ti plasmid and retroviruses
(b) retroviruses and Ti plasmid
(c) bacteriophage and pBR322
(d) pBR322 and bacteriophage

Question- Which of the following is/are used in recombinant DNA technology?
A. agarose gel B. ethidium bromide C. plasmid vector D. restriction endonuclease
(a) A, B
(b) B,C
(c) C, D
(d) A, B,C,D

Question- 56 Which enzyme is used as gum to join ends of DMA?
(a) EcoRI
(b) Ligase
(c) Cellulose
(d) Pectinase

Question- Which statement is true about bioreactor?
A. Bioreactor provides the optimal conditions for obtaining the desired product.
B. Raw materials are biologically converted into specific products.
C. A stirred-tank reactor is horizontal in shape.
D. Large volume of cultures cannot be processed.
(a) A,B
(b) B,C
(c) C, D
(d) A,B,C, D

Question- Taq DMA polymerase enzyme is obtained from
(a) Thermus aquaticus
(b) Agrobacterium tumifaciens
(c) Aspergillus flavus
(d) Escherichia coli

Question- A. In elution the separated bands of DNA are cut out from agarose gel and extracted from the gel piece.
B. £ co// cloning vector pBR 322 shows several restriction, Or/, antibiotic resistance genes and Rop.
C. The down stream processing and qu ty control testing vary from produced to product.
D. Competent bacterial cell cannot take up the plasmid.
(a) All are correct
(b) All are incorrect
(c) Except D all are correci
(d) Only D is correct

Question- In which country first artificial cultivation of mushroom started?
(a) France
(b) Italy
(c) Austr a
(d) Germany

Question- A. Large scale production involves use of bioreactors.
B. Genetic engineering involves the use of restriction endonuclease, DNA Iigase appropriate plasmid or viral vectors.
C. Modern biotechnology uses genetically modified organisms.
D. Bacterial cell wall is digested by lysozyme –
(a) All are correct
(b) All are incorrect
(c) Only D is correct
(d) A and B are correct

Question- Restriction endonucleases:
(a) Cleave DMA at highly specific recognition sequences
(b) Are inserted into bacteria by bacteriophages
(c) Are made only by eukaryotic ceHs
(d) Add methyl groups to specific DNA sequences

Question- PCR stands for
(a) polymerase chemical reaction
(b) polymerase chain reaction
(c) primary chain reaction
(d) polymerase chain restriction

Question- Which of the following is/are part(s) of biotechnology?
A. in vitro fertilisation B. synthesis of a gene
C. correcting a defective gene D. developing a DNA vaccine
(a) A, B
(b) B, C
(c) C,D
(d) A,B,C, D

Question- Genetic engineering is-
(a) Study of extranuclear genes
(b) Plastic surgery
(c) Addition or removal of genes
(d) Reconstruction surgery

Question- Which of the following has helped in development of biotechnology?
(a) Genetic engineering
(b) Microbiology
(c) Tissue culture
(d) All of these

Question- Which one of the following restriction endonuclease is obtained from Escherichia coli?
(a) BamH1
(b) Sua3A1
(c) Hind III
(d) EcoR1

Question- Which of the followings is / are concerned with biotechnology?
(a) Biogas production
(b) Sewage treatment
(c) Biofertilizer
(d) All of the above

Question- Which is incorrect?(a) In PCR two primers are used
(b) Taq DMA polymerase is needed for PCR
(c) Taq DMA polymerase is not thermostable
(d) Multiple copies of gene can be synthesized in PCR

Question- Which statement is incorrect?
(a) T-DNA is present in Ti plasmid.
(b) Retroviruses convert common cells to cancerous cells,
(c) pBR 322 is a natural plasmid-
(d) Agrobacterium tumifaciens is a natural genetic engineer

Question- Ligase in used for-
(a) Separating DNA
(b) Joining two DNA fragments
(c) DNA polymerase reaction
(d) All of these

Question. Agarose extracted from sea weeds is used in           
(a) spectrophotometry
(b) tissue culture
(c) PCR
(d) gel electrophoresis.

Question. DNA precipitation out of a mixture of biomolecules can be achieved by treatment with         
(a) chilled chloroform
(b) isopropanol
(c) chilled ethanol
(d) methanol at room temperature.

Question. Which one of the following equipments is essentially required for growing microbes on a large scale, for industrial production of enzymes?             
(a) Bioreactor
(b) BOD incubator
(c) Sludge digester
(d) Industrial oven

Question. Identify the DNA segment which is not a palindromic sequence.             
(a) 5′ GGATCC 3′
(b) 5′ GAATTC 3′ 3′ GGTACC 5′ 3′ CTTAAG 5′
(c) 5′ GCGGCCGC 3′
(d) 5′ CCCGGG 3′ 3′ CGCCGGCG 5′ 3′ GGGCCC 5′

Question. Stirred-tank bioreactors have been designed for             
(a) purification of product
(b) addition of preservatives to the product
(c) availability of oxygen throughout the process
(d) ensuring anaerobic conditions in the culture vessel.

Question. What is the criterion for DNA fragments movement on agarose gel during gel electrophoresis ?           
(a) The smaller the fragment size, the farther it moves.
(b) Positively charged fragments move to farther end.
(c) Negatively charged fragments do not move.
(d) The larger the fragment size, the farther it moves.

Question. Match the items in column I with their uses in column II and choose the right option.         
     Column I           Column II
A. ELISA                 (i) Antigen-antibody interaction
B. PCR                   (ii) Gene amplification
C. Biolistics            (iii) Direct introduction of recombinant DNA
D. Micro-injection   (iv) Gold coated DNA
(a) A-(i), B-(ii), C-(iv), D-(iii)
(b) A-(ii), B-(i), C-(iv), D-(iii)
(c) A-(iv), B-(i), C-(ii), D-(iii)
(d) A-(i), B-(iv), C- (ii), D-(iii)

Question. Match the items in column I with their uses in column II and choose the right option.         
    Column I                Column II
A. Bacillus                (i) Restriction
thuringiensis                endonuclease
B. Agrobacterium     (ii) Thermostable
tumefaciens                  DNA polymerase
C. Thermus              (iii) Insecticidal
 aquaticus                      protein
D. Escherichia coli (iv) Ti plasmid
(a) A-(iii), B-(iv), C-(i), D-(ii)
(b) A-(ii), B-(i), C-(iv), D-(iii)
(c) A-(iii), B-(iv), C-(ii), D-(i)
(d) A-(i), B-(iv), C-(ii), D-(iii)

Question. In vitro clonal propagation in plants is characterised by           
(a) PCR and RAPD
(b) northern blotting
(c) electrophoresis and HPLC
(d) microscopy.

Question. Identify the desirable characteristics for a plasmid used in rDNA technology from the following.             
A. Ability to multiply and express outside the host in a bioreactor
B. A highly active promoter
C. A site at which replication can be initiated
D. One or more identifiable marker genes
E. One or more unique restriction sites
(a) A, C, D and E only
(b) A, C and E only
(c) B, C, D and E only
(d) B, C and E only

Question. Match the entries in column I with those of column II and choose the correct answer.         
          Column I                    Column II
A. Restriction endo-     (p) Kohler and Milstein nucleases
B. Polymerase chain    (q) Alec Jeffreys reaction
C. DNA fingerprinting   (r) Arber
D. Monoclonal              (s) Karry Mullis antibodies
(a) A – (r), B – (s), C – (q), D – (p)
(b) A – (r), B – (q), C – (s), D – (p)
(c) A – (q), B – (r), C – (s), D – (p)
(d) A – (q), B – (s), C – (r), D – (p)

Question. Elution means             
(a) making the DNA bands visible under UV radiation
(b) separation of DNA fragments on agarose gel
(c) isolating alien DNA from the choice organism
(d) cutting and extraction of DNA bands from the agarose gel.

Question. The figure below shows three steps (A, B, C) of Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). Select the option giving correct identification together with what it represents?

(a) B – Denaturation at a temperature of about 98°C separating the two DNA strands.
(b) A – Denaturation at a temperature of about 50°C.
(c) C – Extension in the presence of heat stable DNA polymerase.
(d) A – Annealing with two sets of primers.

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